Hi Gentlemen, This week we'll discuss the new "exotic hadrons" result from Belle that Frank suggested (see below). The paper ref is http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.2251, and rumors in BaBar have it that the interactions newswire post appeared once the preprint was accepted by PRL. Another article, which you might find interesting, addresses why we don't ask deeper questions in physics very often: http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/01/what-happened-before-the-big-bang-the-new-philosophy-of-cosmology/251608/ It's an interview with Tim Maudlin of NYU. My favorite part concerns the legacy of Bohr and Heisenberg, in contrast to Einstein and Schrodinger: > "... physicists for almost a hundred years have been dissuaded from trying > to think about fundamental questions. I think most physicists would quite > rightly say "I don't have the tools to answer a question like 'what is > time?' - I have the tools to solve a differential equation." The asking of > fundamental physical questions is just not part of the training of a > physicist anymore. Dial-in is ReadyTalk 866-740-1260, code 3144955 at 2 PM Eastern as usual. Thank you, --Ray ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 10 Jan 2012 03:00:15 -0600 (CST) From: Interactions News Wire <[log in to unmask]> To: [log in to unmask] Subject: [Interactions News Wire] #02-12 - KEK: Belle Discovers New Heavy 'Exotic Hadrons' Interactions NewsWire #02-12 10 January 2012 http://www.interactions.org ******************************************* Source: KEK Content: Press Release Date Issued: 10 January 2012 ******************************************* Belle Discovers New Heavy 'Exotic Hadrons' Two unexpected new hadrons containing bottom quarks have been discovered by the Belle Experiment using the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)'s B Factory (KEKB), a highly-luminous, electron?positron collider. These new particles have electric charge and are thought to be "exotic" hadrons -- non-standard hadrons, containing at least four quarks. Previously, a series of new and unexpected exotic hadrons containing charm and anti-charm quarks have been observed. This latest discovery from Belle demonstrates the existence of exotic hadrons containing at least four quarks in a particle system including bottom quarks . The Belle Experiment has discovered two new unexpected particles at the KEK B Factory (KEKB). These new particles, termed Z(sub)b, contain both one 'bottom' quark (the second-heaviest quark among the known six types of quarks) and one 'anti-bottom' quark (the anti-particle of the bottom quark). Moreover, they have electric charge and thus are thought to be hadrons in which at least two additional quarks other than the bottom quark and anti-bottom quark (at least four quarks in total) are bound together. A large amount of data containing particles produced in electron?position collisions using the KEKB accelerator, which has achieved the world's highest luminosity, has been obtained. While focusing on 'bottomonia,' heavy mesons composed of one bottom quark and one anti-bottom quark, we conducted a detailed analysis of events involving two types of bottomonia, the Upsilon and the h(sub)b. This analysis revealed two new unanticipated charged particles that decay into a bottomonium (Upsilon or h(sub)b) and a charged pi meson (pi ±), which were then called "Z(sub)b(10610)" and "Z(sub)b(10650)" according to their mass values, 10610 and 10650 MeV/c^2, respectively. They are approximately eleven times heavier than a proton. In principle, a bottomonium particle?s charge is zero; therefore, these charged Z(sub)b particles should have at least two more quarks, e.g. one 'up' quark and one 'anti-down' quark. Several hundred mesons have been identified to date. All of them are thought to be bound states of one quark and one anti-quark, with the binding provided via the strong interaction of elementary particles. Using the KEKB accelerator, however, the Belle experiment has discovered more than ten 'exotic hadrons,' including the X(3872), Y(3940), and Z(4430), which were not anticipated by existing theories. These new particles, which are about 4?4.5 times heavier than a proton, may be exotic hadrons consisting of one 'charm' quark and one 'anti-charm' quark plus two more different types of lighter quarks. These unexpected discoveries have attracted the attention of researchers around the world. The latest discovery has revealed the existence of exotic hadrons containing bottom quarks, which are heavier than charm quarks. The Belle B Factory experiment, which began in 1999 with the aim of elucidating the origin of particle?anti-particle symmetry breaking (CP violation), has contributed to the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2008 awarded to Drs. Kobayashi and Maskawa. Moreover, data obtained from electron?positron collisions with the world's highest luminosity achieved at the KEKB accelerator have resulted in a series of unexpected discoveries of exotic hadrons, opening a new research frontier in particle physics. Data taking at the Belle Experiment has already been completed, but a vast amount of data is still awaiting detailed analysis. Moreover, an upgraded version of the KEKB/Belle Experiment, called SuperKEKB/Belle II is currently being prepared. Belle II aims to collect 50 times more data than the earlier experiment. Researchers are eagerly awaiting the opportunity to explore the full spectrum of exotic hadrons containing various types of quarks, including strange quarks, as well as charm and bottom quarks, which are expected to be discovered in the future at the SuperKEKB/Belle II Experiment. It is worth noting that quarks are bound by the strong interaction and confined to composite particles, such as mesons, and thus cannot exist individually as free particles. The detailed exploration of exotic hadrons will advance the understanding of how and what types of hadrons are possible based on the mechanisms defined by quantum chromodynamics, which describes the strong interaction. A paper reporting this achievement has been accepted for publication by Physical Review Letters on December 30, 2011, and will be published shortly. Full release, with images and glossary, is available at: http://www.kek.jp/intra-e/press/2012/011014/ Contact Information About the details of the present study Professor Yoshihide Sakai Co-spokesperson, the Belle Collaboration The High Energy Accelerator Research Organization TEL: 81-29-864-5335 FAX: 81-29-864-5340 E-mail: [log in to unmask] Professor Toru Iijima Co-spokesperson, the Belle Collaboration The Center for Experimental Studies, the Kobayashi?Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University TEL: 81-52-789-2893 FAX: 81-52-782-5752 E-mail: [log in to unmask] Professor Thomas Browder Co-spokesperson, the Belle Collaboration University of Hawaii TEL: 1-808-956-2936 FAX: 1-808-956-2930 E-mail: [log in to unmask] Public relations Yohei Morita Public Relations Officer The High Energy Accelerator Research Organization TEL: 81-29-879-6047 FAX: 81-29-879-6049 E-mail: [log in to unmask] To unsubscribe from the Interactions News Wire, please email [log in to unmask] with "remove" in the subject line. ######################################################################## Use REPLY-ALL to reply to list To unsubscribe from the LQS-L list, click the following link: https://listserv.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=LQS-L&A=1 ######################################################################## Use REPLY-ALL to reply to list To unsubscribe from the LQS-L list, click the following link: https://listserv.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=LQS-L&A=1