OK, I took a deeper look at this, and I've realised that the build chain is a lot more complicated than I expected. The sdist on PyPI is a "pseudo package" that has its own setup.py, which launches a separate build step for the bindings.

I first tested on Scientific Linux (Python 3.6), and it seems that here RPATH is set, whereas on Debian I'm only seeing RUNPATH, which has a lower precedence (but functionally still works). What is strange to me initially is that in the Debian image, it has @origin/lib which does not exist in the installed layout.

@matthewfeickert knows a lot more about what is going on here than I do, but I wonder if this layout is intentional? In the Dockerfile above, nothing seems wrong, because we set $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (and also installed xrootd into system paths found by ldconfig). But, in my case (on ubuntu) xrootd is I assume that the user doesn't need xrootd to be installed, because the client library should contain everything they need to talk with a remote server? If so, the install here isn't behaving properly, but I'll wait on @matthewfeickert to help me understand the details further :)

```Dockerfile ARG BASE_IMAGE=ubuntu:20.04 FROM ${BASE_IMAGE} as base

SHELL [ "/bin/bash", "-c" ]

ENV PATH=/usr/local/venv/bin:"${PATH}"
RUN apt-get update &&
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends
g++
git
cmake
uuid-dev
dpkg-dev
libssl-dev
libx11-dev
libxml2-dev
libkrb5-dev
libgsl0-dev
pkg-config
python3
python3-pip
python3-venv
python3-dev &&
apt-get autoclean -y &&
python3 -m pip --no-cache-dir install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel &&
python3 -m pip list

WORKDIR /
RUN useradd -m user
USER user

Show --user even though I don't recommend it just to show it works

RUN python3 -m pip --no-cache-dir install --user --upgrade pip setuptools wheel &&
python3 -m pip install --user --verbose 'xrootd==5.4.2' &&
python3 -m pip list
RUN python3 -c "import XRootD.client"
WORKDIR /

CMD ["/bin/bash"]

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