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Unfortunately, using --root doesn't prevent pip from trying to uninstall stuff from /usr, which is what we want to prevent when doing staged installations (which are not installing into /usr, but into a staging area). This is described in pypa/pip#3063, which is also linked in the description.

epsftws build $ python3.10 -m pip install --root $PWD/install --prefix /usr bindings/python
Processing ./bindings/python
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: xrootd
  Building wheel for xrootd (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for xrootd: filename=xrootd-5.5.3.post196-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl size=740187 sha256=6db2dd81ffc1f1b10d29e4aa4e299644e2c4d7084fa44302675b158c82094738
  Stored in directory: /tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-y388wzs6/wheels/4f/bf/c3/60b496a0b3d3cc1bbe87053fb501e707645f2f8833a13d0c18
Successfully built xrootd
Installing collected packages: xrootd
  Attempting uninstall: xrootd
    Found existing installation: xrootd 5.5.3
    Uninstalling xrootd-5.5.3:
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/lib/python3.10/site-packages/XRootD/__init__.py'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.


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